Doctrine by topic · DGT Observatory

Capital Loss: DGT doctrinal evolution

How the DGT's position on this topic has evolved, and the rulings it rests on.

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How the DGT's position has evolved

Settled doctrine High confidence 45 rulings · 2025–2025

Current position

Capital losses occur due to variations in net worth that are not consumption expenses or lucrative transfers. In the case of companies, the loss resulting from delisting requires prior dissolution and liquidation, being accounted for in the year of liquidation. Losses derived from the judicial extinction of a company are integrated into the savings tax base. For fraud cases, the loss must be proven through evidence admitted under Law.

The DGT maintains a constant position by distinguishing between computable variations in net worth and excluded consumption expenses or lucrative transfers. The doctrine has diversified in specific scenarios such as fraud, delisting, or judicial extinction, always maintaining the need to prove the loss according to Article 33.5 of Law 35/2006. No change in criterion is observed, but rather an application of the rule to different factual scenarios.

Turning points

  1. V1169-25

    Establishes that the amount of a deception or fraud constitutes a capital loss provided it is proven through evidence admitted under Law.

  2. V2123-25

    Specifies that delisting does not generate an automatic loss, requiring the prior dissolution and liquidation of the company for its computation.

Analysis based on 43 of 45 rulings with a stated position. Updated 19 July 2026.

Rulings on this topic

24
V5388-26 28 Jul 2026

Receipts not capital gains; loss recognised upon loss of funds

SG de Impuestos sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas
arras penitencialesganancia patrimonialpérdida patrimonialbase imponible generalimputación temporal LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 14.1LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 33
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V5387-26 28 Jul 2026

Loss can be treated as patrimonial if properly justified

SG de Impuestos sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas
pérdida patrimonialbase imponible generaljustificación de pérdidasvariación patrimonialmedios de prueba LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 33.1LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 33.5.a
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V5346-26 28 Jul 2026

Loss of wealth due to fraud: when a credit right exists

SG de Impuestos sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas
pérdida patrimonialderecho de créditoimputación temporalejecución forzosaprocedimiento concursal LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 14.2.kLIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 33.1
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V1602-26 17 Jun 2026

Loss in personal income tax upon judicial dissolution of a company in insolvency

SG de Impuestos sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas
pérdida patrimonialextinción de sociedadconcurso de acreedorescuota de liquidaciónbase imponible del ahorro LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 14.1.cLIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 33.1
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V1600-26 16 Jun 2026

Professional fees from judicial auctions not deductible as capital loss

SG de Impuestos sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas
pérdida patrimonialganancias y pérdidas patrimonialesaplicación de renta al consumohonorarios profesionalessubasta judicial LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 33LGT — Ley 58/2003 General Tributaria art. 89.1
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V1588-26 15 Jun 2026

Costs paid after a final civil judgment can be treated as a capital loss

SG de Impuestos sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas
pérdida patrimonialcostas procesalessentencia firmealteración patrimonialbase imponible general LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 14.1.cLIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 33.1
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V1552-26 15 Jun 2026

Reimbursement and delay interest deemed patrimonial loss

SG de Impuestos sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas
pérdida patrimonialdescalificación de viviendabase imponible generalreintegro de ayudasintereses de demora LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 35LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 48
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V1352-26 3 Jun 2026

Indemnification from a fire incident taxed in year of final judicial decision

SG de Impuestos sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas
ganancia patrimonialpérdida patrimonialimputación temporalresolución judicialindemnización por siniestro LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 14.2.aLIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 33
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V1110-26 18 May 2026

Loss from 2020 property sale can be offset by 2024 gain

SG de Impuestos sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas
renta del ahorroganancia patrimonialpérdida patrimonialcompensación de basesbase imponible del ahorro LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 44LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 46
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V0932-26 27 Apr 2026

Gains from property transfers not deductible or compensable

SG de Impuestos sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas
ganancia patrimonialpérdida patrimonialtransmisión lucrativavalor de adquisiciónvalor de transmisión LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 33.1LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 33.5.c
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V0758-26 6 Apr 2026

To offset a 2025 capital loss, the 2025 sale must be definitive

SG de Impuestos sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas
pérdida patrimonialrecompra de valoresvalores homogéneostransmisión definitivamercados secundarios LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 33.5.f)LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 33.5.g)
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V0573-26 11 Mar 2026

Liquidation of society triggers patrimonial loss calculation

SG de Impuestos sobre la Renta de las Personas Físicas
ganancia patrimonialpérdida patrimonialcuota de liquidacióndisolución de sociedadesbase imponible del ahorro LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 33.1LIRPF — Ley 35/2006 del IRPF art. 37.1, e)
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual

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