How the DGT's position has evolved
Current position
The general rate of 21% applies to electronic training services, transfers of land classified as urban development land, and integration services that do not qualify as social assistance. It also applies to mediation by agencies not established in the EU and to travel agency services acting under their special regime. Regarding food products, the general rate is imposed if sugars or sweeteners have been added.
The DGT does not present a single doctrinal evolution, as the rulings address entirely different factual scenarios without a common line of change. The position remains constant in each specific matter: the general rate applies when the strict requirements to access the reduced rates of 10% are not met.
Analysis based on 133 of 137 rulings with a stated position. Updated 21 September 2026.