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Objective Characteristics: DGT doctrinal evolution

How the DGT's position on this topic has evolved, and the rulings it rests on.

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How the DGT's position has evolved

Settled doctrine High confidence 96 rulings · 2015–2026

Current position

The reduced rate of 10% applies to support products designed for the personal and exclusive use of persons with disabilities, based on their objective characteristics. For this to apply, the product must be designed to alleviate or treat disabilities and, preferably, appear in the annex of the Law. Elements such as grab bars, handles, and toilet seat risers are included, but washbasin or cistern accessories are excluded.

The DGT's position remains constant in requiring that products possess objective design characteristics for the treatment of disabilities. Throughout the rulings, the distinction has been maintained between specific support products (such as reachers or grab bars) and general furniture elements or accessories that are taxed at the general rate. No changes in criterion are observed, but rather a repeated application of the regulations on support products.

Analysis based on 94 of 96 rulings with a stated position. Updated 23 September 2026.

Rulings on this topic

24
V1223-26 22 May 2026

10% VAT rate applies to bathroom support items

SG de Impuestos sobre el Consumo
tipo reducidoproductos de apoyodeficiencia físicacaracterísticas objetivasuso personal y exclusivo LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 90LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 91.Uno.1.6º.c
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V0317-26 12 Feb 2026

Hats for oncology patients subject to 21% VAT

SG de Impuestos sobre el Consumo
tipo impositivotipo reducidocaracterísticas objetivasproductos de apoyoentregas de bienes LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 90LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 91.Uno.1.6º.c
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V1944-25 15 Oct 2025

10% VAT rate applies to mobile ramps if treated as portable ramps

SG de Impuestos sobre el Consumo
tipo reducidotipo generalproductos de apoyocaracterísticas objetivasdeficiencias físicas LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 90LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 91.Uno.1.6º.c
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V1866-25 14 Oct 2025

Vibroacoustic stages and adapted switches must pay 21% rate

SG de Impuestos sobre el Consumo
tipo impositivotipo reducidoproductos de apoyodeficiencias sensorialesuso personal y exclusivo LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 90.1LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 91.1.6.c
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V2580-24 12 Dec 2024

Commode chairs for use outside the bathroom are subject to 21% VAT

SG de Impuestos sobre el Consumo
tipo impositivoproductos de apoyofunciones de aseotipo reducidosilla con orinal LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 90LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 91.Uno.1.6º.c
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V2579-24 12 Dec 2024

Adapted cup with lid, spout and handle subject to 21% VAT

SG de Impuestos sobre el Consumo
tipo impositivoproductos de apoyodeficiencias físicastipo reducidocaracterísticas objetivas LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 90LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 91.Uno.1.6º.c
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V2965-23 8 Nov 2023

Standard 21% VAT rate applies to articulated bed mattresses

SG de Impuestos sobre el Consumo
tipo reducidocaracterísticas objetivasuso personal y exclusivodeficiencias físicasbienes de uso general LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 90LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 91.Uno.1.6º
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V2089-22 30 Sept 2022

Mattress protectors taxed at the standard 21% VAT rate

SG de Impuestos sobre el Consumo
tipo impositivoproductos ortopédicosempapadoresdeficiencias físicastipo reducido LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 90.1LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 91.1.6.c
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual
V2077-22 29 Sept 2022

Wheelchair ponchos subject to the standard 21% VAT rate

SG de Impuestos sobre el Consumo
tipo impositivotipo reducidoproductos ortopédicoscaracterísticas objetivasuso personal y exclusivo LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 90.1LIVA — Ley 37/1992 del IVA art. 91.1.6.c)
Affects CompanyExpat · Non-residentIndividual

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